Applied Research Associates
4300 San Mateo Blvd. NE • Suite A-220
Albuquerque, NM 87110

Ph. 505.881.8074
Fax 505.883.3673

Water For Injection (WFI)

Using Hydrothermal Processing (HTP) Technology

When used to produce Water For Injection (WFI), HTP has significant advantages over traditional distillation methods including:

  • 50-75% Capital Cost Savings
  • 25-50% Energy Cost Savings
  • 40-50% reduction in size/footprint
  • 1000 times less endotoxin impurity
  • Zero wastewater
  • The Graph above illustrates that HTP Technology provides a 1000 time
    improvement over the Multiple Effect distillation process.
    Reference: Li, L., Wilbur, C.L, and Mintz, K.L. "Kinetics of Hydrothermal Inactivation
    of Endotoxins" App. Environ. Microbiology, 77(8) 2640-2647 (2011).